Baffle gasifier



De@n 9,1941. J.- l.. BREESE Em 2,265,797

' BAFFLE GASIFIER -Original Filed April l0, 1939 j?? 027250255 v J'mes reese ,Brame Jayfer Patented9, 1941-.'I l

mo, serial No. 336,224

' acclaim. (crissen y the level of the various. primary air apertures 9 Our invention relates lto animprovement.-in pot time hydrocarbon burners. Onepurpose is the Provision 'oi improved `means for preventingdeposit' of carbon `or soot in the burner when the burner is'runningat low iiame.v y L Another purpose is the provision of a maximum turndown'whereby a pilot eect may be obtained. Another purpose is the provision of'improved gasifying fmeans for obtaining the preliminary hydroxylation of the mixture in a pot type burner' A v Another purpose is the provision of means for directing a mixture of primary air and vaporized hydrocarbon inwardly toward the central portion.

of a'pottype burner.

Other purposes will appear from time to time in th'course of the specification and claims. The present application is a division of-our co pending application, Serial No. 267,021, iiled on April' l0, 1939. We'illustrate our invention more or le'ss diagrammatlcally in the` accompamying drawing wherein.l

Fig.v 1 is a vertical axial section; and Fig. 2 is a section on the line 2--2 of Fig. 1.

Like parts are indicated by vlike symbols throughout the specincation and the drawing.

Referring to the drawing. i indicates any suitable -ontsnshell, drum or `the like, into the interior of which any suitable means, Vnot herein may lie-employed icnadmittingaln-a2 is a circumferentialsupport which may besecured to' the inner face of themember l and which is herein shown as a ring annular in crosssection. Sindicates the mixlngchamber or pot proper, which mayhave a slightly concave bottom t and an oil r liquid fuel inlet member E. The membr 3 i8 l shown as having `ianupper top flanged with' a downfturned outeriiange 'portion 'I adapted to seat upon the ring 2, whereby the burner pot `is supported within ,the shell I. The pot is shown vas being provided witha plurality ot primary air inletapertures 8 which may be located in rows at various levels. `ii indicates a toprow of secondary air lmet apertures, the 45 function of which is to supply additional or secondary air to the upwardly rising mixture oi. air' and vaporized hydrocarbon.- Y

Whereaathe process o! combustion does not of itself iormfpart of the present invention. it will be understood that in the type of burner herein descnlbed a liquid fuel issuppliedthroughtheinlet or pipe .5. This liquid fuel isvaporlzed by the heat of combustion going on in the l upper portion i of the pot 3 or thereabove. As the liquid-hydro carbon is vaporlzed it Wwardly to and past and l0.. 'I'hese apertures serve as an air metering arrangement whereby only suilicient air is sup,

- plied to the vaporized hydrocarbon to form a pre-1 liminary mixture. @Itis not until the preliminary mixture receives theV additional air supply which enters through the secondary air inlets Il that final combustion takes place.

- The above is a .description of the operation of 10 the device when it is being employed at relatively high heating capacity. It is desirable. in burners of this type, to provide for .-turndown` means l whereby a low or practically pilot iame maybe employed. To obtain this result we supply a gen-f l5 erally horizontal baille member which includes a fiat ring i2' having an inner aperture i8. The

ring I2 `is herein shown as terminating. as at il.' .f at a radial `distance inwardly from the inner face .A

of th'epot 8.

They-ring lz may be a. casting and :s snowuas having a downward extension IE, having an outer y face I6, spaced substantially inwardly from the pot, and an inner face i7, which is located somewhat inwardly of thev edge of the aperture 1 3.

`The ring structure may be formed of two parts,

as shown in Fig. 1, which may be clamped to gether with any suitable screws or bolts 20, havling, for example. Venturi portions 22. The Ven v turi apertures 2i are generally radial and horil zontal and are each aligned with one of the'pri-i mary airinlet apertures l0, It will be observed` that the outer iiange of the ring may be seated l on pins orsupporting members, shown at' 28, ln-

wardly extending from the wall of the shell or pot 8. The outer ends iof the Venturi apertures!! are inwardly spaced from th'e wall of the pot, and

from the apertures in the wall of .the pot with which they are aligned.v

The baille is so 4located in the pot 8 that the 40 tubesor Venturi apertures are located directly opposite air holes in the pot. The jets of air that y come from said holes i0 travel directly through A the tubesashear as practically possible in the center. f 'v have a. short tree travel before actually entering the tubesorVenturiapertures. In order to align i' the Venturi apertures'pl properly with the aperf vtures i0. we have provided an aligning baril,

preferably welded to the pot 3, which is received in a'corresponding slottormed at the edse Il oi' the rin! |2;

If oil vapor is--present, these air streamsfdue fr to their kinetic effect, will drag oil vapor radially inwardly along the tubes of the bathe structure.

Y This oilrvapor and air mixes thoroughly within As the sufietsieav the 'holes m' the pot they blue flame.

obtained, This hydroxylated gas is suiilciently -the tubes and a true hydroxylated oil gas is 'ment with one of said air inlet apertures, .the

rich under all conditions of operation and the velocity of the gas-air mixture in the tube is sufiiciently above the rate of flame propagation toprevent -flashing back. This gas-air mixture, ss it leaves the tubes, burns with an almost clear All of these air jets, as they pick up the gas, create a slight vacuum in the` chamber below the baille or gasiiler structure. This vacuum causes a part of -the burning gas, as it leaves the ends of thetubes, to be drawndownwardly.V This 2downward ilow of hot gases keeps the bottom of the pot quite hot, recirculates the products of combustion, and pre-heats the carbon dioxideand oil vapor mixture, It has been frequently shown that the mixture of .carbon dioxide and f the prewheating ofthe carbon dioxide gas mixture is advantageous from a combustion standpoint.

While the structure of Fig. l can be employed `as apilot, since, locatedin alignment with the lowest row of holes, it provides a low turndown.

it is essentially a gasiiier and a hydroxylator and can be located, if desired, at a higher level in thev pot. The fact that it can burn atv low capacity, due to excellent combustion characteristics, is incidental although desirable,-

It will be realized that, whereas we have described and shown a practical and operative device, nevertheless man'y changes may be made in the size, shape, number and disposition of parts without departing from the spirit of our inven-V tion. We therefore wish our drawing to be taken as-illustrative and diagrammatic, rather than as limiting us to our precise showing. We claim:

l.' In a pot type hydrocarbon burner, a pot having a bottom and a side wall, said side wall having therein a plurality of air inlet apertures located at various levels, means for delivering a liquid fuel to the bottom of said pct, and a gasiner intermediate top and bottom of said air inlet apertures in said pot, said passages having a length substantially exceeding their diameter.

tom of said pot, said structure including aba'me' 2.In a pot type hydrocarbon burner, a pot-- having 'a bottom and a side wall, said side wall .having therein -a plurality of air inlet apertures located at various levels, meansl for delivering a liquid fuel tothe bottom of said pot, and a gasiner intermediate the top and bottom of said pot,

i .said gasiiler including a pluralityl of generally radial sir and gas passages, aligned with air inlet apertures in said pot, said passages having 'a length substantially exceeding their diameter,

the outer ends of said passages terminating -a .short distance inwardly of the inner face of the side .wall of the pot whereby, in response to the movement .of air jets from said pot wall aperftures into said passages, vaporized .hydrocarbon ner intermediate top and bottom of said pot, said gasifier including aplurality' of air and gas present'in the space below theV gasifier is carried radially inwardlyjthrough said passages.

`3. In a p'ot type'hydrocarbonburner, a pot having a`bottom and a side wall, said vside wall n vhaving-therein a plurality of air inlet apertures,

means for delivering a liquid fuel tothe bottom of .said pot, anda gasiiler structure located intermediatetop andbottom of said pot, said YIstrucouter endsof said passages being in communication with the interiorlf -the lower portion of v said pot, said passages having a length substantially .exceeding their diameter.

4. In a pot type hydrocarbon having abottom and a side wall, said side wall having therein 'a lplurality of air inlet apertures,

means for delivering a liquid fuel to the bottoniof said pot, and a gasier structure located intermediate top andbottom of said pot, saidjstructure including-a plurality of generally radial air and gas inlet passages located each in alignment with one of said air inlet aperturealthe outer ends of said passages being in communication with the'interior of the' lower portion of. said pot, said passages terminating inwardly at a :point radially outwardly spaced from the central axis of the pot,.said passages having a' length sub- I stantiallyv exceeding their diameter.

5. In a not type hydrocarbon burnerfa pot having a bottom .and a side wall, said 'side zwall having therein a plurality of air inlet apertures located at various'levels, means for delivering a liquid fuel to the bottom of said pot, and a gasiiier structure located intermediate top and botring with its outer edge terminating adjacent the inner face of the pot, said bame having a central aperture generally coaxial with the pot,

.and a plurality of generally radial' air and gas inlet passages located each 'in alignment with one of Asaid air inlet apertures, the outer ends of said passages being in communication with the interior ofthe lower portion of said pot, said passages terminating inwardlyadjace'ntthe axial aperture of said baille, said passages having a length substantially exceeding their diameter. 'A

.6. As a new article of manufacture, a gasifler ring. for pot type burners. including a vring of cast metal having inner and outer concentric edges, the inner edge defining an unobstructed central aperture extending entirely through the' ring, and a downward extension, the outer edge of which is spaced inwardly from the outer edge ofthe ring, the inner edge of which is spaced inwardly from the inner edge of the ring, said downward extension having formed therein a 'plurality of radial passages. Y

- 7. A s a new article of manufacture, a gasi'fier ring for pot type burners, including a ring of cast metal having inner and outer concentric edges, the inner edge defining an unobstructed plurality of Venturi radial passages.

8."In a pot type hydrocarbon burner, 'a pot having a bottom and a side wall,v said sidewall havingtherein a plurality of air inlet apertures located atvarious levels, means for delivering a liquidvfuel to th'e bottom of said pot, and a gasipassages extending generally radially inwardly from a point adjacent .but out o'f'contact with Vthe' inner face of the poty and aligned with air inlet apertures in said not. each said air passage having a 'Venturi neck therein, said passages having a length substantially exceeding their ture. including a plurality of generallyradial all' 75 diameter. l

and gas inlet passages'locatedleach in alignburner, a'pot i downward extension piuralityrofvrradial z 9. In a pot type hydrocarbon burner, a pct v a bottom-and a side wall, said side wall having therein'a plurality of airinlet apertures,

means for delivering Ia liquid fuel to the bottom of said pot, and a gasier structure located intermediate top and bottom of said pot, said structure including a plurality of generally radial air and gas inlet passages located each'in alignment with one 9! said air inlet apertures, the outer 'ends o! said passagesv being in communication with the interior o: the lower portion as said pot, eachsaid air passage having a Venturi neck thereinVsaid passages having a length substan- -tially exceeding their-diameter.

l0. As a new article o! manufacture, a gasier ring for pot type burners, including a ring oi" ring for pot type burners, including la ring o! metal having inner and outer' concentric edges.

the inner edge defining anunobstructed central aperture extending entirely through the ring,

and a downward extension, thel outer edge' of.

which is spaced inwardlyfirom the outenedge' of the ring, the inner edge oiwhich is spaced inwardly `from vthe inner edge of the ring, said having formed therein a1 the inner edge defining an unobstructed central aperture extending4 entirely l'through-'the ring, and a downward. extension, the-outer edge of 'A which is spaced -inwardly from `.the outer edge'- of the ring, the inner edge of which isspaced inwardly from the inner edge oi the ring. saidA l downward extension having `formed therein aplurality of Venturi radial passages. f

12. As a new article of manufacture, a gasifier ring for pot type burners, including. a ring of metal having innei and outer generally concentric edgeathe inner edge deiining a central aperture extending directly upwardly and entirely through the ring, said ring having associated therewith `a. pluralitypf generally radial passages having a length vsubstantially exc their diameter. the cuter endsK of said vpassages I spaced inwardly withinf'the maximumv ydiameter o! the ring. the inner ends being located `adjacent the central aperture ci the ring.

g. mums n BRUCE Harm. 

